Overview of study on gold mineralization law in Huijiabao Gold Field in Southwestern Guizhou Province

The Huijiabao Gold Field is located in the core area of the "Golden Triangle" metallogenic belt in Yunnan−Guizhou−Guangxi and is an important Carlin-type gold deposit in southern China. Through a comprehensive analysis of the research progress in recent years on metallogenic theory, metallogenic material sources, ore-controlling structures, characteristics of metallogenic fluids, and prospecting techniques for concealed deposits in this ore field, the construction of its multi-level tectonic detachment metallogenic system and the key role of structural alteration bodies （SBT） in the metallogenic process were systematically summarized. The study indicates that the metallogenic and ore-controlling system is dominated by the Huijiabao Anticline, with the addition of reverse faults. The SBTs serve as channels for the migration and mineralization of metallogenic fluids, controlling the spatial distribution and occurrence types of ore bodies. The sources of metallogenic materials exhibit multi-source characteristics, including contributions from deep magmatic hydrothermal fluids, basin sedimentary hydrothermal fluids, and organic matter. The metallogenic fluids are characterized by moderate to low temperatures and high pressures, rich in components such as CH₄, N₂, and CO₂, with Au primarily migrating as AuHS complexes. In recent years, the integration of deep ore-prospecting techniques with multidisciplinary methods has effectively identified concealed fault systems and SBTs, promoting the discovery and prediction of deep concealed deposits. Currently, there are still scientific challenges such as insufficient quantitative assessment of metallogenic material contributions, insufficiently deep analysis of metallogenic dynamics mechanisms, and identification of concealed fault systems. Future research directions are suggested to focus on the coupling of multi-system metallogenic mechanisms, fine division of SBTs, and metallogenic fluid evolution dynamics, strengthening the integration of geochemical and geophysical techniques,and promoting the innovative development of deep concealed deposit prospecting theories and methodologies, so as to ensure the sustainable development of mineral resources in this ore field and similar metallogenic areas.