Integration of soil and water conservation technologies in intelligent construction of metal mines in Yunnan

In response to the dual strategic requirements of national mine transformation, upgrading, and ecological civilization construction, the ecologically fragile Yunnan area was taken as the research object to systematically discuss the theoretical framework, technical routes, and implementation countermeasures for integrating soil and water conservation technologies into intelligent mine systems. The current development status and challenges of intelligent mines and the informatization of soil and water conservation were also analyzed. It is pointed out that traditional models struggle to meet the demands for high-quality development. The integration of disciplines and technologies is pivotal to addressing the challenge of coordinating mining development and ecological protection. An integrated approach to soil and water conservation in intelligent mines was proposed, centering around an integrated "space−air−ground" monitoring network and multi-source data fusion. Specifically, it encompasses four major modules: dynamic management of the responsibility scope for soil and water loss prevention and control, dynamic monitoring and quantitative assessment of soil and water loss, intelligent optimization of soil and water conservation measures, and ecological value assessment. By integrating 3D geological models, hydrological models, InVEST models, soil erosion equations, and artificial intelligence algorithms, this framework aims to achieve a shift from passive governance to proactive prediction and optimization of soil and water loss in mining areas. Finally, the challenges in terms of standards, economy, and institutions regarding technology promotion were discussed. Countermeasures and suggestions were proposed, including strengthening data standardization, deepening model research and development, innovating policy mechanisms, and enhancing demonstration and training. These efforts aim to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for promoting the green and intelligent transformation of the mining industry and the coordinated development of regional ecological security.