中国科技核心期刊
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台阶爆破孔内起爆点位优化及应用
- 作者：
汪伟1，2，彭定潇2，兰明3
- 作者单位：
- （1. 江西铜业集团有限公司；2. 江西铜业技术研究院有限公司；3. 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院）
基金项目：
- 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（12005099）；湖南省教育厅重点项目（19A425）
详细信息：
- 作者简介：
- 汪 伟（1990—），男，高级工程师，博士，研究方向为采矿工程、爆破与岩石力学；E⁃mail：csu424@163. com
- PDF下载
Optimization and application of detonation point location in blast holes for bench blasting
- English Author：
Wang Wei1，2, Peng Dingxiao², Lan Ming³
- Unit：
- （1. Jiangxi Copper Corporation Limited；2. Jiangxi Copper Technology Institute Co., Ltd.； 3. School of Resources, Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China）
- 摘要
- 在线预览
- 参考文献
摘要:
某大型露天矿山在进行310 mm孔径爆破推广试验时，出现较为突出的台阶底部过破碎、上部破碎效果不佳等问题。考虑应力波在岩体中的传播速度与炸药爆轰波速度为同一数量级，开展孔内不同起爆点位对爆炸应力波传播影响的数值模拟。分析表明：孔底起爆在台阶上部产生的应力波峰值最大，但作用时间最短；孔口起爆在下部产生的应力波峰值最大，但作用时间最短；孔中起爆在上下部产生的应力波峰值与作用时间介于二者之间，在中部产生的应力波峰值最大。综合考虑应力波峰值和载荷作用时间，现场试验时将孔内第一发起爆弹上提，使起爆点位于药柱底部和中部之间（距孔底0.5～4.5 m），显著改善了台阶上部破碎效果，验证了分析结论的正确性。
关键词:
露天开采；台阶爆破；孔内起爆；起爆点位；数值模拟；应力波；现场试验
Abstract:
During the promotion test of 310 mm blasthole blasting at a large open⁃pit mine, issues such asover⁃fragmentation at the bench toe and insufficient breakage in the upper part of the bench were observed. Consideringthat the propagation velocity of stress waves in rock mass and the blasting wave velocity of explosives are of the same orderof magnitude, numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the influence of different detonation point locationswithin the blast hole on stress wave propagation. The analysis showed that bottom detonation produced the higheststress wave peak in the upper bench with the shortest duration, while top detonation（at the hole collar）produced thehighest peak in the lower bench, also with the shortest duration. In⁃hole detonation resulted in intermediate stress wavepeaks and durations in both upper and lower sections, with the stress wave peak occurring in the middle part of thebench. Based on a comprehensive assessment of stress wave peak values and load duration, field trials were carried outby lifting the first detonator charge to a position between the hole bottom and middle（0.5-4.5 m above the holebottom）. This significantly improved fragmentation in the upper bench and validated the simulation results.
Keywords:
open⁃pit mining; bench blasting; in⁃hole detonation; detonation point location; numerical simulation;stress wave; field trial
