金矿尾砂是黄金提取（主要为氰化浸出或浮选）过程中产生的主要固体废弃物，其矿物组成以石英等脉石矿物为主，常含有残留的重金属及微量金。中国作为全球黄金生产和消费大国，金矿尾砂历史堆存总量巨大且仍在持续增长，然而其综合利用率长期处于较低水平。巨量尾砂堆存不仅侵占大量土地资源，其潜在的溃坝风险、扬尘污染及含氰/重金属渗滤液对水土环境的长期威胁尤为突出，亟须探索高效、规模化的金矿尾砂消纳与资源化途径。近年来，伴随矿业绿色发展战略的深入实施，金矿尾砂综合利用的基础研究、技术创新与工程应用取得了显著进展。以西部某金矿为工程背景，系统综述了金矿尾砂作为充填材料应用于井下采空区治理、建材化利用等方向的关键研究成果与应用实践，旨在为推进金矿尾砂的大宗、高值、环境友好型资源化利用提供理论参考与技术支撑。

Gold mine tailings represent the main solid waste generated during gold extraction (primarily throughcyanide leaching or flotation processes), and quartz and other gangue minerals are their main composition, often containingresidual heavy metals and trace amounts of gold. As a major global producer and consumer of gold, China has a vasthistorical accumulation of gold mine tailings, which continues to grow, while the comprehensive utilization rate remainslow. The massive stockpiling of tailings occupies substantial land resources, and potential dam failures, dust pollution,and long⁃term threats to water and soil environments from cyanide/heavy metal leachates are prominent. Therefore,there is an urgent need to explore efficient approaches for the large⁃scale consumption and resource utilization of goldmine tailings. In recent years, with the deepening implementation of green mining development strategies, remarkableprogress has been made in basic research, technological innovation, and engineering applications for the comprehensiveutilization of gold mine tailings. By taking a gold mine in western China as an engineering background, key researchachievements and practical applications of gold mine tailings as filling material in underground goaf management andconstruction material utilization were systematically reviewed, aiming to provide theoretical reference and technicalsupport for promoting bulk, high⁃value, and environmentally friendly resource⁃based utilization of gold mine tailings.