对铅试金法中铅扣质量的影响因素进行了深入探讨，通过实验分析了有效硫、固定碳含量，面粉种类及用量，硝酸钾加入量等对铅扣质量的具体影响。实验结果表明：铅扣质量主要取决于样品中有效硫和固定碳的含量，在称样量为 15 g条件下，样品含有效硫每增加 1 %，铅扣质量增加约 3.2 g；固定碳每增加 1 %，铅扣质量增加约 4.6 g；使用面粉和硝酸钾控制铅扣质量时，每增加1 g面粉，铅扣质量增加约 11.6 g；每增加 1 g硝酸钾，铅扣质量减少约 3.6 g。基于实验结果，推导出还原力计算公式，并优化了铅扣配料组成。验证实验显示，优化后的配料方案可使铅扣质量均控制在 20～40 g，一次试金成功率提升至 90 %以上。在日常检测中应用此优化方案，铅扣质量合格率从76.7 %提高至95.3 %，显著提升了检测效率和准确性。

The factors influencing lead button mass in the lead fire assay method were thoroughly investigated.Experiments were conducted to analyze the specific effects of effective sulfur, fixed carbon content, type and dosage offlour, and potassium nitrate addition on lead button mass. Results indicate that lead button mass primarily depends onthe effective sulfur and fixed carbon content in the sample. Under a sample weight of 15 g, for every 1 % increase ineffective sulfur, the lead button mass increases by approximately 3.2 g; for every 1 % increase in fixed carbon, the massincreases by about 4.6 g. When flour and potassium nitrate are used to control lead button mass, for every 1 g increasein flour, the lead button mass increases by approximately 11.6 g; for every 1 g increase in potassium nitrate, the massdecreases by about 3.6 g. Based on the experimental results, a formula for calculating reducing power is derived, andthe lead button ingredient composition is optimized. Verification experiments show that the optimized ingredientscheme can control lead button mass within 20-40 g, with the success rate of the first assay increasing to over 90 %.Applying this optimized scheme in daily testing improves the qualified rate of lead button mass from 76.7 % to 95.3 %,significantly enhancing testing efficiency and accuracy.