超细黄金尾砂作为充填材料的安全有效应用具有重要的环保和经济意义。以某金矿选矿厂生产的超细黄金尾砂为主要试验材料，开展了一系列试验，分析不同胶凝剂、灰砂比和料浆浓度对充填体力学性能的影响，并结合毒浸试验评估其水质变化。研究结果表明，充填体的单轴抗压强度、泌水率和沉缩率受灰砂比、胶凝剂类型和料浆浓度的显著影响。随着灰砂比的减小，单轴抗压强度降低，而矿渣微粉胶凝剂及较高料浆浓度有助于提高单轴抗压强度。最佳工艺条件为胶凝剂矿渣微粉、灰砂比 1∶4和料浆浓度 68 %。泌水率和沉缩率随着灰砂比减小而增大，但提高料浆浓度可有效降低其泌水率和沉缩率。水质检测结果表明：充填体泌水水质符合Ⅴ类标准，且大部分为Ⅱ～Ⅳ类水质，符合国家污水排放标准，对井下水质的影响较小。

The safe and effective application of ultra⁃fine gold tailings as backfill material holds significant envi⁃ronmental and economic importance. By using ultra⁃fine gold tailings produced by a gold ore processing plant as theprimary test material, a series of experiments was conducted to analyze the effects of different cementing agents,cement⁃to⁃sand ratios, and slurry concentrations on the mechanical properties of the backfill. Water quality changeswere also assessed through toxicity leaching tests. The research results indicate that the uniaxial compressive strength,bleeding rate, and settlement shrinkage rate of the backfill are significantly influenced by the cement⁃to⁃sand ratio, thetype of cementing agent, and the slurry concentration. As the cement⁃to⁃sand ratio decreases, the uniaxial compressivestrength decreases, while the use of a slag micropowder cementing agent and higher slurry concentrations help improvethe uniaxial compressive strength. The optimal process conditions are identified as a slag micropowder cementingagent, a cement⁃to⁃sand ratio of 1∶4, and a slurry concentration of 68 %. The bleeding rate and settlement shrinkagerate increase as the cement⁃to⁃sand ratio decreases, but increasing the slurry concentration can effectively reduce boththe bleeding rate and settlement shrinkage rate. Water quality testing results show that the water quality after backfillbleeding meets Class V standards, with most samples falling into Class Ⅱ-Ⅳ water quality, complying with nationalwastewater discharge standards and having a minor impact on underground water quality.