采用钙盐体系氯化法回收铜冶炼白烟尘酸浸渣中的铋，优化了浸出试验、中和试验、硝酸溶解—铁粉置换试验的影响因素，考察了浸铋前液循环利用对铋浸出效果的影响。结果表明：在液固比4∶1，浓硫酸用量30 g/L，氯化钙用量80 g/L，浸出温度65 ℃，浸出时间2 h的最佳条件下，铋浸出率达93.6 %；中和试验采用碳酸钙调节溶液pH值为3.0，得到铋质量分数高于50 %的氯氧化铋，铅、锑、铋的沉淀率在99 %以上，银、砷、钙的沉淀率分别为90 %、60 %、18 %；氯氧化铋经硝酸溶解，铁粉置换，可得到质量分数高于92 %的海绵铋。浸铋前液循环利用于浸出工艺可获得良好指标。钙盐体系氯化法实现了含高浓度氯离子溶液的循环利用，降低了企业生产成本，为冶炼企业湿法回收铜冶炼白烟尘酸浸渣中的铋提供参考。

The chlorination leaching with calcium salt system was used to recover the bismuth from the acid leaching residue of copper converter flue dust in the test.The influence factors including leaching test,neutralization test and nitric acid dissolution-iron powder replacement test were optimized.The influence of recycled solution on bismuth leaching was investigated.The results show that the bismuth leaching rate 93.6 % could be obtained when the liquid-solid ratio was 4∶1,the concentrated sulfuric acid addition was 30 g/L,the calcium chloride addition was 80 g/L,the leaching temperature was 65 ℃,the leaching reaction time was 2 h.The neutralization test used calcium carbonate to adjust the leaching solution pH to 3.0,bismuth oxychloride with bismuth mass fraction over 50 % was obtained.The precipitation rates of Pb, Sb and Bi were over 99 %, and the precipitation rates of Ag, As and Ca were 90 %, 60 % and 18 % respectively.Sponge bismuth with grade over 92 % after bismuth oxychloride was dissolved by nitric acid and replaced by iron powder.Good index can be achieved using recycled solution.Chlorination with calcium salt system realizes cyclic utilization of solution with high-concentration chlorine ions,lowers operation cost of enterprises and provids reference for wet recovery of the bismuth in the copper converter flue dust for smelting enterprises.