In the traditional method of oxide ore resource estimation,the industrial grade is usually used for the delineation of ore bodies,and the data in the ore bodies are used for the estimation.Case studies show that traditional methods can enhance the continuity of high-grade data in the industrial grade domain which leads to a significant overestimate of ore grades.Boundary analysis can judge the boundary type by examining the sample grade changes within a certain range of the boundary of a specific geological domain or grade domain.Under the hard boundary condition,only the data in the industrial grade domain are used for estimation,while under the soft boundary condition,the data in the mineralization domain should also be involved in the resource estimation.The actual case study shows that the use of soft boundary conditions for modeling and estimation and the considerations of the geological and statistical continuity of sample data lead to high estimation accuracy without missing industrial ore bodies.The method has the advantages of a simple and rapid process,and strong technical repeatability,and should be promoted as an improved resource estimation method.