In the case study of the pollution control over the heap leaching cyanide residue left by historical gold mines in arid areas of western China.Based on a thorough analysis of climate,hydrogeology,and the characteristics of heap leaching cyanide residue pollutants,in-situ closure operation is employed to verify the pollution control effect over the pollutant such as heavy metals in heap leaching cyanide residue.The paper in detail describes the in-situ sealing and isolation scheme,control and monitoring scheme,and auxiliary schemes.After implementation,the environmental pollution risks are effectively controlled,and the peripheral environment is evidently improved,achieving anticipated engineering goals.The control technology can provide references for the pollution control of heap leaching cyanide residue generated from similar gold mines.