In response to the low separation index during the on-site flotation process of a refractory ore containing arsenic and antimony in Gansu,a study on ore process mineralogy was conducted.Based on this,experiments were carried out on gravity separation,flotation,regrinding and re-separation of middlings,and cyanide leaching of flotation tailings,ultimately forming a combined process of Nelson gravity separation,middlings regrinding and re-separation,and tailings cyanide leaching.Using this process,the gold grade of the concentrate can reach 50.05 g/t,with a gold comprehensive recovery rate of 93.89 %.Compared to the single flotation process,the gold recovery rate of this combined process has increased by more than 30 %,providing a feasible technical solution for on-site process optimization.