The ore of a gold mine is characterized by complexity,with severe sliming,high oxidation rate,fine gold particle size,and a variety of gold-bearing minerals in the raw ores.Combined with significant differences in hardness and dissociation,the ore belongs to a complex refractory gold ore.Despite a combination process of gravity separation＋stage grinding and stage flotation,the average gold grade in the tailings remains 0.8 g/t,with most of the gold lost in encapsulated form.Utilizing an IsaMill machine and a microbubble flotation machine for efficient fine grinding and separation of the tailings has resulted in a concentrate grade of 16 g/t and a recovery rate of over 30 %,meeting the separation indicators.Some of the research findings have already been applied in production,yielding significant economic benefits and providing an effective approach for the development and comprehensive utilization of complex refractory ores and tailings.