To address the challenge of gold recovery from carbonaceous gold-bearing materials, by analyzing the chemical composition, carbon phases, and particle size distribution, the characteristics of the carbonaceous gold-bearing materials were Investigated, providing a basis for process optimization. This study explored the optimal operating conditions for key processes such as ashing, impurity removal, and leaching. The results showed that employ-ing the ashing-nitric acid impurity removal-aqua regia gold dissolution-smelting gold recovery process achieved a direct recovery rate of 96.81 %, significantly enhancing gold recovery rate. The process acts as an effective technical solution for the gold recovery from carbonaceous gold-bearing materials. The findings solved environmental issues dur-ing the treatment process, realizing effective resource utilization. This approach has both economic and environmental benefits, offering scientific basis and technical support for gold recovery from similar materials and contributing to the technological progress and sustainable development of the gold industry.