During block caving mining, roof caving directly impacts mine safety. To investigate the caving patternsof roofs in a mine employing block caving, this study analyzed microseismic monitoring data, focusing on 2 aspects namely the spatiotemporal evolution regularities, and correlation curve between energy indices and cumulative apparent volume of microseismic events. Results indicate that undercutting blasting primarily disturbed the upper roof above the initial mining area's central undercut zone. As the undercutting area expanded over time, rock mass fractures propagated upward spatially, while the height of rock mass caving gradually decreased. Additionally, the timing of potential large-scale rock mass fractures was progressively delayed with increasing spatial elevation. These findings provide a theoretical basis for early warning systems of future roof caving in similar mining operations.