Asa vital componentofmine production, the ventilationsystemdirectly affects workers' workingenvironment and the safety of mining operations. In view of the orebody occurrence conditions and current mining status at the Long-toushan Gold Mine, a ventilation system optimization and renovation scheme was proposed. The system adopts an exhaust ventilation mode, incorporating construction of air walls, addition of air doors and adjustable air windows, expansion of airflow paths, optimization of the ventilation network layout, and installation of additional ventilation structure, to reduce airflow resistance and improve ventilation efficiency. The new ventilation system not only enhanced ventilation efficiency and working conditions, but also significantly boosted production efficiency and safety, leading to notable economic benefits. This paper presents the specific content of optimization and renovation, implementation steps, and resulting effects in detail, aiming to provide references and guidance for ventilation system improvements at similar mines.