Non⁃ferrous metal sulfide ores exhibit complex mineralogical properties and contain multiple valuableelements, making it difficult to achieve ideal indicators using a single collector. Combined collectors can produce syner⁃gistic effects, facilitating the efficient separation and comprehensive recovery of complex polymetallic sulfide oreresources. In this study, a detailed process mineralogy analysis was conducted on a low⁃grade gold ore, followed byexperimental research on gold extraction. Results indicate that the gold minerals in the ore are fine⁃grained anddispersed within gold⁃bearing minerals. By employing a combined machine-column flotation process to treat thislow⁃grade refractory ore, along with the addition of the combined collector XTB and the combined frother XTQ, theflotation performance of gold is significantly improved. In closed⁃circuit tests with a grinding fineness of −0.074 mm, agold concentrate with a grade of 38.00 g/t and a recovery of 76.41 % is obtained. This process achieves efficient re⁃covery of valuable elements and maximizes the utilization of mineral resources.