Blast furnace volatilization smelting is characterized by short feed column,thin feed layer,high coke rate and hot furnace top.The paper took the production practice of Chenzhou mining smeltery as a case study,introduced the flow sheet,equipment structure and advantages and disadvantages of the blast furnace volatilization smelting,summarized the problems such as high energy consumption,flue gas sulfur dioxide due to its reluctance for recovery,short furnace service life and disorderly running,and proposed solutions and suggestions,providing reference for the optimization of blasting furnace volatilization smelting application.