Based on the mining status and research results of typical domestic gold mines,especially rock gold deposits,this paper systematically analyzes the mining status,difficulties and technical problems of the existing gold mines; Meanwhile,in order to fully understand the transformation needs of the mining industry and create a new era of alchemy,the modes and methods to mine deep rock gold deposits with different depths and the disaster prevention strategy for deep mining of rock gold deposits that converts harm into benefit are systematically expounded.Also,the technical challenges and breakthrough direction of the comprehensive and recycled utilization technology,intelligent mining and unmanned mining for deep rock gold deposit resources are addressed,which will provide theoretical and technical reference for gold resources exploitation marching deep into the earth.