The mineral properties,particle size,crack and pore size,gold mineral liberation degree and continuity of the refractory gold-bearing sulfur concentrate from Hunan Province before and after roasting oxidation treatment were tested and characterized based on mineral liberation analyzer(MLA) with the help of X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and laser particle size analyzer.The results showed that the roasting oxidation treatment could oxidize and convert the arsenopyrite  and pyrite  in the gold-bearing concentrate into hematite,and on the process the minerals were fragmented to form fine particles with loose and porous surface.The roasting oxidation treatment increased the monomer liberation degree of the gold mineral from the original 34.66 % to 83.79 %,2.4 times higher.The roasting oxidation treatment could cause the increase of fragmentation,cracks,pores and monomer liberation of gold minerals,and could effectively improve the permeability of leaching solution in mineral particles and its contact area with gold minerals,which is conducive to the leaching of gold in gold-bearing minerals.This study has major reference significance in studying the variation of the mineralogical characteristics of refractory gold-bearing sulfur concentrate before and after roasting oxidation treatment,and provides guidance for gold extraction from this kind of minerals.