It is difficult to extract gold directly from the carbonaceous gold ore due to its 5.05 % organic carbon grade.The joint process of vacuum roasting pretreatment and leaching is used for the treatment.The influence factors on roasting and the conversion rules of carbon and sulfur in carbonaceous gold ores are analyzed.The results showed that when grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounts for 75 %,roasting temperature is 1 200 ℃,heat preservation time is 10 min,heating rate is 7.5 ℃/min,and regrinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounts for 80 %,the gold leach-ing rate reaches 88.43 %.In the process of vacuum roasting,pyrite,as the main gold-locking mineral,was decomposed,dissociating the locked gold,and 61.25 % S element in the ore was finally volatilized and condensed in the form of elemental sulfur instead of forming SO₂.The thermal decomposition of organic carbon reduces its preg-robbing ability,and the grade of C element in the solid product is up to 90.00 %,which was mainly in the form of elemental carbon.The vacuum roasting pretreatment process could effectively solve the problems of sulfide locking and preg-robbing of carbonaceous matters in carbonaceous gold ores,improve the gold leaching rate,and reduce the cost of harmful gas treatment.