Abstract: A refractory gold ore in Yunnan is characterized by fine dissemination size， high content of encapsulated gold， and high activity of organic carbon. The ore process type is poor sulfide carbonate type refractory gold ore. The effects of grinding fineness， reagent type， and reagent dosage on the beneficiation indexes of the ore were studied. The results show that using cyanide leaching， the gold grade of leaching residue is 1.45 g/t， and the gold leaching rate is 21.62 %； using the cyanide leaching-flotation combined process， the gold grade of the mixed concentrate is 13.79 g/t， and the total gold recovery is 76.46 %， which has guiding value for treating the same type of ore.