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柴北缘青龙沟金矿床闪长玢岩锆石年代学、黄铁矿原位硫同位素和微量元素特征及找矿启示

Zircon geochronology, in-situ sulfur isotopes, and trace elements of pyrite in diorite porphyrite of Qinglonggou Gold Deposit, Northern Margin of Qaidam, and its implications for prospecting

  • 摘要: 青龙沟金矿床是柴北缘滩间山金矿田内重要的金矿床之一,矿体主要分布在中元古代万洞沟群含碳白云质大理岩中,其次为侵入地层的闪长玢岩中。但是,一直以来闪长玢岩年代学、源区及金成矿物质来源、金含量变化特征等问题没有得到很好的解决,在一定程度上制约了矿床成矿作用及外围找矿勘查研究。选取青龙沟金矿床含金闪长玢岩,利用LA-ICP-MS对锆石U-Pb年代学和黄铁矿原位硫同位素、微量元素展开研究。研究成果表明:闪长玢岩形成时代为早二叠世(293.0 Ma±1.8 Ma),锆石εHf(t)值为-3.5~4.8,两阶段模式年龄TDM2为912~1375 Ma,源区物质来自中元古代中下地壳,并有幔源物质参与。闪长玢岩中黄铁矿具有低δ34S值、低Au含量、高As含量和高w(Co)/w(Ni)值(δ34S=4.01 ‰ ~4.58 ‰; w(Au)=0.10×10-6~0.49×10-6,平均值0.26×10-6; w(As)=404.61×10-6~9546.27×10-6,平均值5779.62×10-6; w(Co)/w(Ni)=3.86~97.37),明显区别于赋矿含碳白云质大理岩中黄铁矿δ34S值、Au含量、As含量和w(Co)/w(Ni)值(δ34S=8.4 ‰ ~15.8 ‰, w(Au)=1.92×10-6~30.28×10-6, w(As)=9029.20×10-6~130727.48×10-6, w(Co)/w(Ni)=0.11~0.38),表明金成矿物质可能源自早二叠世深部岩浆挥发分或地幔脱气作用,黄铁矿金含量低,对矿床成矿贡献较小,矿床深边部及外围找矿方向仍应以万洞沟群含碳白云质大理岩为主,其次为岩浆岩。

     

    Abstract: Qinglonggou Gold Deposit is a significant gold deposit in Tanjianshan Goldfield, northern margin of Qaidam. The orebodies are mainly hosted in Mesoproterozoic carbon-bearing dolomitic marble of the Wandonggou Group, with some found in intrusive diorite porphyrite. However, the diorite porphyrite's chronology, source, origin of gold-bearing materials, and gold content variation have not been adequately addressed, limiting the understanding of mineralization and the potential for further exploration. Zircon U-Pb geochronology and in-situ sulfur isotopes and trace elements in pyrite from gold-bearing diorite porphyrite were analyzed using LA-ICP-MS. The findings reveal that the diorite porphyrite formed in the Early Permian (293.0 Ma±1.8 Ma), with zircon εHf(t) values ranging from -3.5 to 4.8 and a two-stage model age (TDM2) between 912 and 1375 Ma, indicating material from the Mesoproterozoic middle-lower crust with mantle contributions. Pyrite in the diorite porphyrite exhibits low δ34S values, low Au content, high As content, and elevated w(Co)/w(Ni) ratios (δ34S=4.01 ‰ -4.58 ‰; w(Au)=0.10×10-6-0.49×10-6, averaging 0.26×10-6; w(As)=404.61×10-6-9546.27×10-6, averaging 5779.62×10-6; w(Co)/w(Ni)=3.86-97.37), differing significantly from the δ34S, Au content, As content, and w(Co)/w(Ni) values of pyrite in the carbon-bearing dolomitic marble host rock (δ34S=8.4 ‰ -15.8 ‰, w(Au)=1.92×10-6-30.28×10-6, w(As)=9029.20×10-6-130727.48×10-6, w(Co)/w(Ni)=0.11-0.38). This suggests that gold mineralization likely originated from deep-seated Early Permian magma or mantle degassing. The low gold content in pyrite suggests a limited contribution to mineralization, with exploration efforts focusing primarily on gold bodies within carbon-bearing dolomitic marble, followed by magmatic rocks.

     

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