Abstract: Pulp conditioning serves as a critical link between the feeding and grinding stages and the subsequent separation stages in flotation processes. Its essence lies in harnessing fluid kinetic energy to achieve efficient reagent dispersion and selective surface modification of mineral particles. This paper systematically reviewed the microscopic mechanisms underlying flotation pulp conditioning, focusing on how energy dissipation and complex flow fields affect reagent adsorption kinetics. This paper reviewed the technological evolution of flotation conditioning, from conventional methods such as mechanical stirring, hydrodynamic mixing, and static mixing to modern high-intensity and specialized conditioning devices, as well as their current applications in mineral processing. This study highlighted the potential of high-intensity pulp conditioning technology to overcome the separation bottlenecks associated with fine and ultrafine mineral particles and highly refractory ore systems. In the future, conditioning equipment is expected to advance toward multiscale precision design, multiphysics coupling, and intelligent operation, with digital twin technologies integrated to enable precise regulation and adaptive optimization of the conditioning process. The findings provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the development of next-generation high-efficiency pulp conditioning equipment.