Abstract: Metal mining is undergoing a critical transition from relatively easy to increasingly difficult mining conditions and from shallow to deep mining, frequently encountering engineering challenges such as fractured rock masses and large deformation of soft rock. Traditional support systems mostly use combined support with steel arches and timber lagging, but this method is being phased out because GB 16423—2020 Safety Regulations for Metal and Nonmetal Mines prohibits the use of timber for permanent underground support. Based on the lightweight, energy-absorbing, and yielding characteristics of lightweight energy-absorbing paste materials, a cement-based round-timber support material was developed, with its mechanical properties enhanced through confinement by light-gauge steel framing and reinforcing mesh, to effectively replace timber. The effects of dry density, curing age, support span, layered arrangement, and modified fillers on the flexural bearing capacity and deformation energy-absorption performance of the components were systematically investigated. Field application results show that the combined support system consisting of the new support material and steel arches enables surrounding rock stress to be released within 20 d and a stable stress equilibrium to be achieved. The system is well suited to complex roadway support conditions in fractured and fault zones, exhibiting reasonable load-bearing behavior without instability or failure of the support structure. The new support material can completely replace traditional round timber and avoids problems such as flammability and decay. It effectively addresses problems such as large deformation of surrounding rock, support instability, and frequent roadway rehabilitation in deep fractured and fault zones, providing a novel and reliable technical solution for the support of soft rock roadways with large deformation in deep mines.