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蚕庄金矿深部采场应力分布规律与岩爆防控

Stress distribution patterns and rockburst prevention and control in deep stopes of Canzhuang Gold Mine

  • 摘要: 针对蚕庄金矿深部开采过程中采场局部应力集中及岩爆风险增加的问题,以蚕庄金矿上庄矿区深部采场为研究对象,结合矿区工程地质条件、岩石力学参数及原位地应力测试结果,采用Flac3D数值模拟方法,分析不同点柱尺寸和采场跨度条件下采场应力场分布特征及其变化规律。结果表明:深部开采过程中,采场顶板、帮壁、点柱及相邻采场间柱等部位易形成明显应力集中;点柱直径由2 m增大至3 m后,局部最大主应力有所降低,但降幅不足15 %,表明单纯增加点柱尺寸对应力集中改善作用有限;采场跨度由42 m缩减至30 m后,间柱高应力集中区域减少约20 %,但局部最大主应力仍接近或超过矿石单轴抗压强度,岩爆风险仍较高。在采场结构参数优化的基础上,结合局部卸压、加强支护及及时胶结充填等综合防控措施后,现场片帮、围岩开裂及岩片弹射等高应力破坏现象明显减少,采场围岩稳定性得到改善,岩爆风险得到有效控制。研究结果可为蚕庄金矿深部采场结构参数优化及岩爆防控提供理论依据和工程参考。

     

    Abstract: Rockburst risk tends to increase with mining depth due to pronounced local stress concentration in deep stopes. Using the deep stopes in the Shangzhuang mining area of Canzhuang Gold Mine as a case study, FLAC3D numerical simulations were conducted to investigate stress distribution characteristics and their variations with point-pillar size and stope span, based on engineering geological conditions, rock mechanical parameters, and in situ stress measurements. The results show that obvious stress concentration tends to occur in the stope roof, sidewalls, point pillars, and rib pillars between adjacent stopes during deep mining. Increasing the point-pillar diameter from 2 m to 3 m reduced the local maximum principal stress by less than 15 %, indicating that increasing the point-pillar size alone has a limited effect on mitigating stress concentration. When the stope span was reduced from 42 m to 30 m, the high-stress concentration zone in the rib pillar decreased by approximately 20 %. However, the local maximum principal stress remains close to or even exceeds the uniaxial compressive strength of the ore, indicating that the rockburst risk remains relatively high. On the basis of stope structural parameter optimization, comprehensive control measures, including local destressing, reinforced support, and timely cemented backfilling, were implemented. Following the implementation of these measures, high-stress-induced damage, including spalling, cracking of the surrounding rock, and rock slab ejection, is significantly reduced, while surrounding rock stability improves and rockburst risk is effectively controlled. The results can provide a theoretical basis and engineering reference for stope structural parameter optimization and rockburst prevention and control in deep mining at Canzhuang Gold Mine.

     

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