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紫金山金铜矿环保型抑尘剂研制及工业试验

Development and field testing of an environmentally friendly dust suppressant in the Zijinshan Gold-Copper Mine

  • 摘要: 为解决紫金山金铜矿运输道路路面扬尘问题,研发制备了ZJ801 环保型抑尘剂,并进行 了工业试验。结果表明: ZJ801环保型抑尘剂相对市面上现有的抑尘剂具备价格优势。喷洒1 %浓 度ZJ801 环保型抑尘剂的尾矿粉在8 h 后水分挥发率明显优于喷水下的挥发率79.28 %,保湿作用 较为明显;而继续增大抑尘剂浓度至5 %时,保湿效果没有明显提高。工业试验采用ZJ801抑尘剂 降尘时,喷洒抑尘剂3 d后, PM2.5、PM10、TSP浓度逐渐上升,且PM2.5和PM10的实时浓度存在短期超标 现象,但PM2.5及PM1024 h平均浓度、TSP每小时平均浓度满足标准要求,即喷洒抑尘剂8 d内环境空 气质量符合工业区标准。同时,抑尘剂对PM2.5和PM10的抑制作用效果明显,其作用效果与晴天当日 洒水不低于5次的抑尘效果相当。因此,建议工程上仅开展洒水抑尘时,晴天当日洒水次数应≥5次, 且洒水时间应集中于20 时—6 时和12 时—18 时;使用ZJ801 抑尘剂进行抑尘时,抑尘剂浓度取 2.5 %,建议间隔喷洒抑尘剂,间隔时间逐渐延长,直至地表形成抑尘剂膜。

     

    Abstract: To address dust pollution from haul roads in the Zijinshan Gold-Copper Mine, an environmentally friendly dust suppressant, ZJ801, was developed and tested in an industrial setting. The results show that ZJ801 has a price advantage over commercially available products. When tailings powder was sprayed with 1 % ZJ801 solution, the moisture volatilization rate after 8 h was significantly better than the rate of 79.28 % under plain water spraying, indicating a pronounced moisturizing effect. However, increasing the concentration to 5 % did not significantly enhance the effect. In field trials using ZJ801, concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and TSP gradually increased 3 days after spraying, with short-term exceedances in PM2.5 and PM10 levels observed. Nevertheless, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations per 24 h and hourly TSP meet the standards, i.e., the ambient air quality is consistent with the industrial zone standards throughout the 8-day test period after the dust suppressant is sprayed. ZJ801 showed significant suppression of PM2.5 and PM10, comparable to the effect of more than 5 water sprayings per day on clear days. Based on these findings, it is recommended that when only water spraying is used, a minimum of 5 applications per day be scheduled between 20:00-06:00 and 12:00-18:00. When using ZJ801, a concentration of 2.5 % is advised, with gradually increasing spraying intervals until a dust suppressant film forms on the surface.

     

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