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陕豫锑成矿带蔡凹锑矿床成矿地质特征与“三位一体”找矿预测地质模型

Metallogenic geological characteristics and "trinity" prospecting prediction geological model for the Caiwa Antimony Deposit in Shaanxi−Henan antimony metallogenic belt

  • 摘要: 以勘查区找矿预测理论与方法为指导,通过对地质作用、成矿构造、矿化蚀变和各种成矿信息的系统归纳研究,总结了蔡凹锑矿床的成矿地质体、成矿构造与成矿结构面、成矿作用特征标志,构建了“三位一体”找矿预测地质模型。蔡凹锑矿床是与岩浆热液作用有关的远成低温热液型矿床,成矿地质体为燕山晚期斜长花岗岩、花岗斑岩,成矿构造为双槐树—朱阳关断裂及其次级断裂,成矿结构面主要为近东西向韧性剪切带、褶皱、构造破碎带、岩性界面,蚀变主要为辉锑矿化、硅化、碳化。主成矿期可划分3个成矿阶段,其中石英−硫化物阶段是主成矿阶段。该地区锑的富集和热液活动有明显关系,成矿物质、流体主要来源于秦岭岩群和深部岩浆。

     

    Abstract: Guided by prospecting prediction theories and methods, a systematic analysis of geological processes, metallogenic tectonics, mineralization alteration, and various metallogenic information has been conducted. This study summarized the metallogenic geological body, ore-controlling structures and structural planes, and metallogenesis characteristics of the Caiwa Antimony Deposit, leading to the development of a “Trinity” prospecting prediction geological model. The Caiwa antimony deposit is a distal epithermal deposit related to magmatic hydrothermal activity. The metallogenic geological body consists of late Yanshanian plagiogranite and granite porphyry, while the metallogenic tectonics is defined by the Shuanghuaishu−Zhuyangguan fault and its secondary faults. The main metallogenic structural surfaces include nearly east-west trending ductile shear zones, folds, tectonic crushed zones, and lithological interfaces, with alteration primarily characterized by stibnite mineralization, silicification, and carbonization. The main mineralization period can be divided into three stages, with the quartz-sulfide stage being the primary metallogenic phase. There is a clear correlation between antimony enrichment and hydrothermal activity in this region, with the metallogenic materials and fluids mainly sourced from the Qinling Group and deep magmatism.

     

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