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赣东北灵山地区南家坞锌多金属矿床地质特征及找矿前景

Geological characteristics and prospecting potential of Nanjiawu zinc polymetallic deposit in Lingshan Area, northeastern Jiangxi

  • 摘要: 灵山岩体周围发育众多矿床(点),尤其是黄山、松树岗大型—特大型钽铌矿床。南家坞锌多金属矿床、焦岭钨锡矿点位于亚洲最大的松树岗钽铌矿床西侧,二者深部具有找矿前景。通过对南家坞锌多金属矿床地质特征、成矿条件进行了初步探讨,对比松树岗钽铌矿床:在垂向上由下向上蚀变为内带的钠长石化—云英岩化—钾化—伟晶岩和外带的云英岩化—硅化(线性),对应矿化为内带铌钽(铷锂)矿化和外带云英岩型钨锡矿化—石英脉型钨锡矿化;在平面上由中心向外蚀变为云英岩化—硅化(线性)—绿帘石化、绿泥石化—萤石矿化、碳酸盐化,对应的矿化为云英岩型钨锡矿化—石英脉型钨锡矿化—铅锌矿化—萤石矿化。总结出“岩株”+内带4类蚀变带钽铌矿化+外带高温热液钨锡矿化+远外带中低温热液铅锌(萤石)矿化的立体成矿模式。根据同位成矿理论,结合遥感卫星图片环形构造解译,推测松树岗—南家坞地区存在3个成矿中心,分别为:已知松树岗背斜隐伏岩株、矿区焦岭背斜(推测有隐伏岩株)及杨家湾向斜(推测有隐伏岩株)。焦岭钨锡矿点、杨家湾锌锡矿点分处于成矿模式的外带高温热液钨锡矿化带、远外带中低温热液铅锌(萤石)矿化带,预测焦岭背斜、杨家湾向斜深部具有蚀变花岗岩型钽铌矿的找矿前景。

     

    Abstract: Many deposits and mineral occurrences are developed around the Lingshan rock mass, especially the Huangshan and Songshugang large to super-large tantalum−niobium deposits. The Nanjiawu zinc polymetallic deposit and the Jiaoling tungsten−tin deposit are located to the west of the Songshugang deposit, which is the largest tantalum−niobium deposit in Asia, and both show deep prospecting potential. The geological characteristics and metallogenic conditions of the Nanjiawu zinc polymetallic deposit were preliminarily discussed. In comparison with the Songshugang tantalum−niobium deposit, vertically from bottom to top, alteration consists of inner-zone albitization–greisenization–potassic alteration–pegmatitization and outer-zone greisenization–silicification (linear), corresponding to tantalum−niobium (rubidium−lithium) mineralization in the inner zone and greisen-type tungsten−tin mineralization to quartz vein-type tungsten−tin mineralization in the outer zone. Laterally from the center outward, alteration changes from greisenization–silicification (linear) to epidotization and chloritization–fluorite mineralization, and then to carbonatization, corresponding to greisen-type tungsten−tin mineralization, quartz vein-type tungsten−tin mineralization, lead−zinc mineralization, and fluorite mineralization. A three-dimensional metallogenic model is proposed, consisting of a stock, inner-zone tantalum-niobium mineralization with four alteration zones, outer-zone high-temperature hydrothermal tungsten−tin mineralization, and far outer-zone medium- to low-temperature hydrothermal lead−zinc (fluorite) mineralization. According to the theory of isospatial metallogenesis, combined with the interpretation of ring structures from remote sensing satellite images, it is inferred that three metallogenic centers occur in the Songshugang−Nanjiawu area: the known concealed stock in the Songshugang anticline, the Jiaoling anticline (inferred concealed stock), and the Yangjiawan syncline (inferred concealed stock). The Jiaoling tungsten−tin occurrence and the Yangjiawan zinc-tin occurrence are respectively located in the outer high-temperature hydrothermal tungsten−tin mineralization zone and the far outer medium- to low-temperature hydrothermal lead−zinc (fluorite) mineralization zone of the metallogenic model. It is predicted that the deep parts of the Jiaoling anticline and the Yangjiawan syncline have prospecting potential for altered granite-type tantalum−niobium deposits.

     

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