Abstract: The Carlin-type gold deposit was named after its discovery in the town of Carlin, Nevada, USA, in 1961. The type of gold deposit is characterized by enormous reserves and represents one of the most important types of hydrothermal gold deposits globally. Due to the finely disseminated occurrence of gold-bearing minerals and the unique "invisible" form of gold within these deposits, they have long been one of the most challenging research topics in economic geology. The contiguous area of Yunnan, Guizhou, and Guangxi in the Youjiang Basin of China is the world's second most important concentration of Carlin-type gold deposits, following only Nevada, USA. This featured study on "Mineralization Mechanism, Exploration Technology, and Ecological Restoration and Management of Carlin-type Gold Deposits" brings together over 50 experts from nearly 20 institutions who have long been engaged in the study of Carlin-type gold deposits. It summarizes their research achievements on mineralization, exploration, and mine environmental management in this region, while also providing a strategic foresight for related work during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. It is our hope that through this featured study, readers will gain a deeper understanding of the current status and challenges of Carlin-type gold deposit mineralization, exploration, and mine environmental management in China, and collectively contribute to greater breakthroughs in exploration and green mining development of Carlin-type gold deposits in the country.