典型硫铁矿矿渣微生物群落组成和环境驱动因子

杨富淋; 江烨; 高佳; 何柳; 刘伟; 曹百川

典型硫铁矿矿渣微生物群落组成和环境驱动因子

Microbial community composition and environmental drivers in typical pyrite tailings

摘要

摘要: 以中国广东省云浮市（GD）、安徽省合肥市（AH）和陕西省安康市（SX）3个硫铁矿矿渣为研究对象，系统研究了不同地区硫铁矿矿渣理化性质特征和微生物群落多样性、物种组成及其环境驱动因子。结果显示：不同地区硫铁矿矿渣pH、NAG-pH、重金属全量及有效态含量存在显著差异（P<0.05），GD硫铁矿矿渣微生物Shannon指数显著高于AH和SX（P<0.05），不同地区微生物群落组成差异显著（P<0.05）；AH、GD和SX的优势门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和放线菌门（Actinomycetota），优势属为罗尔斯通菌属（Ralstonia）、硫化芽孢杆菌属（Sulfobacillus）和钩端螺旋菌属（Leptospirillum），均具有耐酸、耐重金属和铁硫氧化等功能；影响矿渣微生物群落结构和组成的主要环境驱动因子包括年均气温、年均降水量、pH、γ、DTPA-Zn、DTPA-Cr和Cu等。研究结果可为硫铁矿矿渣治理和环境修复提供理论依据。

Abstract: This study investigates the physicochemical properties,microbial community diversity,species composition,and environmental drivers of pyrite tailings from 3 locations:Yunfu City in Guangdong (GD),Hefei City in Anhui (AH),and Ankang City in Shaanxi (SX) in China.Results indicate significant differences (P<0.05) in pH,NAG-pH,and total and available heavy metal contents among regions.GD pyrite tailings exhibit a significantly higher microbial Shannon index compared to AH and SX (P<0.05),and distinct microbial community compositions (P<0.05).Dominant phyla include Proteobacteria and Actinomycetota,while key genera such as Ralstonia,Sulfobacillus,and Leptospirillum demonstrate acid tolerance,heavy metal resistance,and iron-sulfur oxidation.The main environmental drivers influencing microbial community structure and composition include average annual temperature,average annual precipitation,pH,γ,DTPA-Zn,DTPA-Cr,and Cu.These findings provide theoretical support for pyrite tailings management and environmental restoration.

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