Abstract: Chalcopyrite,a critical copper sulfide mineral,often coexists closely with pyrite in nature.Given their highly similar flotation characteristics,achieving effective separation during flotation poses significant challenges.This study reviews the surface flotation characteristic differences between chalcopyrite and pyrite and summarizes various flotation techniques for copper sulfide ores,including preferential flotation,bulk flotation,fast flotation,asynchronous flotation,and branched flotation,highlighting their unique technical features.The current research progress on collectors and depressants in copper-sulfur separation is discussed,revealing an increasingly clear understanding of their mechanisms of action.Additionally,flotation the development directions for copper-sulfur flotation separation technology and reagents are explored to provide theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the study of copper-sulfur flotation separation.