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紫金山金铜矿环保型抑尘剂研制及工业试验

Development and field testing of an environmentally friendly dust suppressant in the Zijinshan Gold-Copper Mine

  • 摘要: 为解决紫金山金铜矿运输道路路面扬尘问题,研发制备了ZJ801环保型抑尘剂,并进行了工业试验。结果表明:ZJ801环保型抑尘剂相对市面上现有的抑尘剂具备价格优势。喷洒1 %浓度 ZJ801环保型抑尘剂的尾矿粉在 8 h后水分挥发率明显优于喷水下的挥发率 79.28 %,保湿作用较为明显;而继续增大抑尘剂浓度至5 %时,保湿效果没有明显提高。工业试验采用ZJ801抑尘剂降尘时,喷洒抑尘剂3 d后,PM2.5、PM10、TSP浓度逐渐上升,且PM2.5和PM10的实时浓度存在短期超标现象,但PM2.5及PM1024 h平均浓度、TSP每小时平均浓度满足标准要求,即喷洒抑尘剂8 d内环境空气质量符合工业区标准。同时,抑尘剂对PM2.5和PM10的抑制作用效果明显,其作用效果与晴天当日洒水不低于5次的抑尘效果相当。因此,建议工程上仅开展洒水抑尘时,晴天当日洒水次数应≥5次,且洒水时间应集中于 20 时—6 时和 12 时—18 时;使用 ZJ801 抑尘剂进行抑尘时,抑尘剂浓度取2.5 %,建议间隔喷洒抑尘剂,间隔时间逐渐延长,直至地表形成抑尘剂膜。  

     

    Abstract: To address dust pollution from haul roads in the Zijinshan Gold-Copper Mine, an environmentally friendly dust suppressant, ZJ801, was developed and tested in an industrial setting. The results show that ZJ801 has aprice advantage over commercially available products. When tailings powder was sprayed with 1 % ZJ801 solution, the moisture volatilization rate after 8 h was significantly better than the rate of 79.28 % under plain water spraying, indi-cating a pronounced moisturizing effect. However, increasing the concentration to 5 % did not significantly enhance the effect. In field trials using ZJ801, concentrations of PM2,, PM,o, and TSP gradually increased 3 days after spraying, with short-term exceedances in PM,,' and PM,o levels observed. Nevertheless, PM,s and PM,o concentrations per 24 h and hourly TSP meet the standards, i.e., the ambient air quality is consistent with the industrial zone standards throughout the 8-day test period after the dust suppressant is sprayed. ZJ801 showed significant suppression of PM,s and PM 10, comparable to the effect of more than 5 water sprayings per day on clear days. Based on these findings, it is recommended that when only water spraying is used, a minimum of 5 applications per day be scheduled between 20:00-06:00 and 12:00-18:00. When using ZJ801, a concentration of 2.5 % is advised, with gradually increasing spraying intervals until a dust suppressant film forms on the surface.

     

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