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大兴安岭北段770钼(铜)矿床成矿流体和成矿物质来源:来自氢氧硫铅同位素的证据

Source of ore-forming fluids and ore-forming materials of 770 Molybdenum (Copper) Deposit in the Northern Greater Khingan Mountains: Evidence from H-O-S-Pb isotopes

  • 摘要: 近年来,大兴安岭北段晚中生代斑岩型钼矿床开始受到关注并逐渐报道。但是,由于个别矿区的工作程度较低,目前对大兴安岭北段晚中生代斑岩型钼矿床成矿流体来源、演化,以及成矿物质来源等研究还不够深入,仍存在较多的地质问题。选择770钼(铜)矿床作为研究对象,对主成矿阶段矿石样品中的金属硫化物进行硫铅同位素分析及对矿石样品中的石英进行氢氧同位素分析,以揭示成矿流体与成矿物质来源。770钼(铜)矿床矿体赋存于晚侏罗世花岗斑岩中,花岗斑岩与成矿关系密切。金属硫化物的硫同位素组成均表现出较小正值,为0.33 ‰~1.41 ‰,表明成矿物质来源单一,可能均来源于岩浆,即来源于晚侏罗世花岗斑岩。金属硫化物铅同位素构造模式图显示,铅同位素的投点基本落在地壳演化线和地幔演化线之间,暗示金属硫化物铅同位素组成可能为壳幔混源成因。石英氢氧同位素分析结果显示:成矿Ⅱ阶段石英的δ18\mathrmO_\mathrmH_2O 值为4.7 ‰,与原生岩浆水值相似,该阶段成矿流体应该主要是原生岩浆水;成矿Ⅱ阶段δD值为−121.0 ‰,远低于典型原生岩浆水值,可能与岩浆脱气作用或水岩反应有关。成矿Ⅲ阶段石英的δ18\mathrmO_\mathrmH_2O 值为0.6 ‰~2.3 ‰,δD值为−132.9 ‰~−130.9 ‰,处于原生岩浆水和大气降水线之间,但更加接近原生岩浆水区域,表明了成矿Ⅲ阶段虽然有大气降水加入,但仍然以原生岩浆水为主,指示成矿流体可能为原生岩浆水与大气降水的混合物。

     

    Abstract: In recent years, Late Mesozoic porphyry-type molybdenum deposits in the Northern Greater Khingan Mountains have gradually attracted attention and been reported. However, due to limited exploration in certain mining areas, studies on the sources and evolution of ore-forming fluids, as well as the origins of ore-forming materials for these deposits, remain insufficient, leaving many geological questions unresolved. This study selected the 770 Molybdenum (Copper) Deposit as the research subject, conducting sulfur and lead isotope analyses on metal sulfides from ore samples of the main mineralization stage, and hydrogen and oxygen isotope analyses on quartz from ore samples, to reveal the sources of ore-forming fluids and ore-forming materials. The orebodies of the 770 Molybdenum (Copper) Deposit occur within Late Jurassic granite porphyry, which is closely associated with mineralization. The sulfur isotope compositions of metal sulfides exhibit small positive values, ranging from 0.33 ‰ to 1.41 ‰, indicating a homogeneous source of ore-forming materials likely derived entirely from magma, specifically the Late Jurassic granite porphyry. Lead isotope tectonic model diagram of metal sulfides show data points primarily plotting between the crustal and mantle evolution lines, suggesting a mixed crust-mantle origin for the lead isotopes. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope analyses of quartz reveal that Stage Ⅱ quartz has δ18\mathrmO_\mathrmH_2O values of 4.7 ‰, close to those of primary magmatic water, implying that the ore-forming fluid during this stage was predominantly magmatic. The δD value of −121.0 ‰ in Stage Ⅱ is significantly lower than typical primary magmatic water values, potentially linked to magmatic degassing or water-rock interactions. For Stage Ⅲ quartz, δ18\mathrmO_\mathrmH_2O values range from 0.6 ‰ to 2.3 ‰, with δD values between −132.9 ‰ and −130.9 ‰, falling between primary magmatic water and meteoric water fields but closer to the magmatic water domain. This suggests that while meteoric water was introduced during Stage Ⅲ, magmatic water remained dominant, indicating a mixed fluid source of magmatic water and meteoric water during mineralization.

     

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