Abstract: The Linglong Gold Deposit is a representative deposit in Jiaodong, and its hydrothermal alteration is closely related to the gold mineralization process. Using micro-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (Micro-XRF), principal component analysis (PCA), and whole-rock geochemical methods, the element migration patterns during hydrothermal alteration and their control mechanisms on gold precipitation were systematically studied. The results show that: ① The potassic alteration stage is characterized by enrichment of Al, K, Si and depletion of Ca, Na, with plagioclase replaced by K-feldspar accompanied by chlorite formation; ② The sericitic alteration stage is dominated by K influx and Si, Ca outflow, with feldspar decomposition forming sericite and quartz; ③ The pyrite-sericite alteration stage is the key period for gold enrichment, where elements such as Fe and Cu precipitate as sulfides, leading to destabilization of Au(HS)₂^- complexes and gold release. Principal component analysis reveals the spatial evolution of alteration zoning, with PC1 (41.0 %) and PC2 (22.5 %) representing potassic alteration and sulfide mineralization stages, respectively. The study further proposes that the synergistic effect of pyritization and acidic fluid environment drives the cycle of "fluid-rock reaction, sulfide precipitation, and gold enrichment". Micro-XRF combined with PCA effectively resolves mixed alteration information, providing high-precision technical support for dynamic simulation of hydrothermal ore-forming systems. This research provides important basis for deep prospecting prediction and metallogenic mechanism study of Jiaodong gold deposits.