Abstract: In underground mining,it ensures safe and effective mining to master ground pressure activity rules in the stope and adopt effective measures of controlling the ground pressure activity.Yinshan Mine adopted sublevel open stope upward medium-long hole caving mining method for stoping.According to the current mining method and ore rock mass occurrence status,RFPA2D-SRM strength reduction finite element software was used to simulate the failure forms of phyllite.The results show that buckling failure is the main form of phyllite failure.At the same time,based on field monitoring data,primary rock stress distribution rule formula was obtained and corresponding ground pressure control measures were put forward.The research results can provide theoretical support and engineering references for the study of stress distribution rules in similar mines.